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sql_raw

Runs an arbitrary SQL query against a database and (optionally) returns the result as an array of objects, one for each row returned.

Introduced in version 3.65.0.

# Common config fields, showing default values
label: ""
sql_raw:
  driver: ""
  dsn: ""
  query: ""
  args_mapping: ""
  exec_only: false

If the query fails to execute then the message will remain unchanged and the error can be caught using error handling methods outlined here.

Examples​

The following example inserts rows into the table footable with the columns foo, bar and baz populated with values extracted from messages.

pipeline:
  processors:
    - sql_raw:
        driver: mysql
        dsn: foouser:foopassword@tcp(localhost:3306)/foodb
        query: "INSERT INTO footable (foo, bar, baz) VALUES (?, ?, ?);"
        args_mapping: '[ document.foo, document.bar, meta("kafka_topic") ]'
        exec_only: true

Fields​

driver​

A database driver to use.

Type: string
Options: mysql, postgres, clickhouse, mssql, sqlite, oracle, snowflake, trino.

dsn​

A Data Source Name to identify the target database.

Drivers​

The following is a list of supported drivers, their placeholder style, and their respective DSN formats:

DriverData Source Name Format
clickhouseclickhouse://[username[:password]@][netloc][:port]/dbname[?param1=value1&...&paramN=valueN]
mysql[username[:password]@][protocol[(address)]]/dbname[?param1=value1&...&paramN=valueN]
postgrespostgres://[user[:password]@][netloc][:port][/dbname][?param1=value1&...]
mssqlsqlserver://[user[:password]@][netloc][:port][?database=dbname&param1=value1&...]
sqlitefile:/path/to/filename.db[?param&=value1&...]
oracleoracle://[username[:password]@][netloc][:port]/service_name?server=server2&server=server3
snowflakeusername[:password]@account_identifier/dbname/schemaname[?param1=value&...&paramN=valueN]
trinohttp[s]://user[:pass]@host[:port][?parameters]

Please note that the postgres driver enforces SSL by default, you can override this with the parameter sslmode=disable if required.

The snowflake driver supports multiple DSN formats. Please consult the docs for more details. For key pair authentication, the DSN has the following format: <snowflake_user>@<snowflake_account>/<db_name>/<schema_name>?warehouse=<warehouse>&role=<role>&authenticator=snowflake_jwt&privateKey=<base64_url_encoded_private_key>, where the value for the privateKey parameter can be constructed from an unencrypted RSA private key file rsa_key.p8 using openssl enc -d -base64 -in rsa_key.p8 | basenc --base64url -w0 (you can use gbasenc insted of basenc on OSX if you install coreutils via Homebrew). If you have a password-encrypted private key, you can decrypt it using openssl pkcs8 -in rsa_key_encrypted.p8 -out rsa_key.p8. Also, make sure fields such as the username are URL-encoded.

Type: string 

# Examples

dsn: clickhouse://username:password@host1:9000,host2:9000/database?dial_timeout=200ms&max_execution_time=60

dsn: foouser:foopassword@tcp(localhost:3306)/foodb

dsn: postgres://foouser:foopass@localhost:5432/foodb?sslmode=disable

dsn: oracle://foouser:foopass@localhost:1521/service_name

query​

The query to execute. The style of placeholder to use depends on the driver, some drivers require question marks (?) whereas others expect incrementing dollar signs ($1, $2, and so on). The style to use is outlined in this table:

DriverPlaceholder Style
clickhouseDollar sign
mysqlQuestion mark
postgresDollar sign
mssqlQuestion mark
sqliteQuestion mark
oracleColon
snowflakeQuestion mark
trinoQuestion mark

Type: string 

# Examples

query: INSERT INTO footable (foo, bar, baz) VALUES (?, ?, ?);

query: SELECT * FROM footable WHERE user_id = $1;

unsafe_dynamic_query​

Whether to enable interpolation functions in the query. Great care should be made to ensure your queries are defended against injection attacks.

Type: bool
Default: false

args_mapping​

An optional Bloblang mapping which should evaluate to an array of values matching in size to the number of placeholder arguments in the field query.

Type: string 

# Examples

args_mapping: root = [ this.cat.meow, this.doc.woofs[0] ]

args_mapping: root = [ meta("user.id") ]

exec_only​

Whether the query result should be discarded. When set to true the message contents will remain unchanged, which is useful in cases where you are executing inserts, updates, etc.

Type: bool
Default: false

init_files​

An optional list of file paths containing SQL statements to execute immediately upon the first connection to the target database. This is a useful way to initialise tables before processing data. Glob patterns are supported, including super globs (double star).

Care should be taken to ensure that the statements are idempotent, and therefore would not cause issues when run multiple times after service restarts. If both init_statement and init_files are specified the init_statement is executed after the init_files.

If a statement fails for any reason a warning log will be emitted but the operation of this component will not be stopped.

Type: array
Requires version 4.10.0 or newer 

# Examples

init_files:
  - ./init/*.sql

init_files:
  - ./foo.sql
  - ./bar.sql

init_statement​

An optional SQL statement to execute immediately upon the first connection to the target database. This is a useful way to initialise tables before processing data. Care should be taken to ensure that the statement is idempotent, and therefore would not cause issues when run multiple times after service restarts.

If both init_statement and init_files are specified the init_statement is executed after the init_files.

If the statement fails for any reason a warning log will be emitted but the operation of this component will not be stopped.

Type: string
Requires version 4.10.0 or newer 

# Examples

init_statement: |2
  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS some_table (
    foo varchar(50) not null,
    bar integer,
    baz varchar(50),
    primary key (foo)
  ) WITHOUT ROWID;

conn_max_idle_time​

An optional maximum amount of time a connection may be idle. Expired connections may be closed lazily before reuse. If value <= 0, connections are not closed due to a connection's idle time.

Type: string

conn_max_life_time​

An optional maximum amount of time a connection may be reused. Expired connections may be closed lazily before reuse. If value <= 0, connections are not closed due to a connection's age.

Type: string

conn_max_idle​

An optional maximum number of connections in the idle connection pool. If conn_max_open is greater than 0 but less than the new conn_max_idle, then the new conn_max_idle will be reduced to match the conn_max_open limit. If value <= 0, no idle connections are retained. The default max idle connections is currently 2. This may change in a future release.

Type: int
Default: 2

conn_max_open​

An optional maximum number of open connections to the database. If conn_max_idle is greater than 0 and the new conn_max_open is less than conn_max_idle, then conn_max_idle will be reduced to match the new conn_max_open limit. If value <= 0, then there is no limit on the number of open connections. The default is 0 (unlimited).

Type: int